GRADIŠKA: EXCAVATIONS UNDERWAY AT THE ANCIENT FORTRESS OF MARIA THERESIA

The site known as the Fortress of Maria Theresia, historically referred to as Vrbaški Grad, near Gradiška, has once again come into public focus.

PHOTO: Milan Vujić / Glas Srpske

The Homeland Museum of Gradiška, led by curator and archaeologist Dušan Kojić, has launched systematic research of this fortress, which preserves layers of history spanning centuries—from ancient tribes to medieval nobility.

Although local legend links the fortification to the Austrian empress, the historical reality is far older and far more complex.

Vrbaški Grad derives its name from the Vrbaška stream and was first mentioned in historical records in 1293. The earliest inhabitants were the Illyrian tribe Oseriates, followed briefly by Celtic groups, while the Romans took control in 35 BC.

The site later became the center of the Vrbas parish, first mentioned in a charter issued by King Béla IV in 1244. The fortress was held by the powerful Slavonian noble family Babonići—later known as Blagojski—and was significant enough to serve as a place where royal charters were issued during the 14th century.

Silver Coin of Matthias Corvinus

One of the most important pieces of evidence of life and the fortress’s importance in the late Middle Ages is the discovery of a silver coin of King Matthias Corvinus from the second half of the 15th century. This finding confirms the strategic role of the site in the defense system against the advancing Ottoman forces.

“Research is crucial to better understand the dynamics of life and events that shaped this area over the centuries,” archaeologist Dušan Kojić told Glas Srpske.

In addition to its archaeological significance, researchers emphasize the inseparable link between cultural heritage and nature. Located about three kilometers from Gornji Podgradci toward Mrakovica, the fortress is surrounded by dense forests that once served as natural protection.